Designing an embedded system for portable kidney dialysis

Chronic kidney failure is a life-threatening disease that many people are suffering from. According to the last survey by the International Society of Nephrology, about 850 million people suffer from chronic kidney disease. The ideal treatment other than kidney transplant is the Hemo-dialysis sessions, the procedure for many patients is considered costly and uncomfortable since the patient has to go to the hospital three or four times a week undergoing the risk of contamination. Therefore, it was essential to find an alternative means to help these patients by developing an embedded electrical portable dialysis machine consisting of a filtering system (ultrafiltration 8000 filter and dialyzer filter), a safety system consisting of many flow sensors, and blood leak detection. It also includes an alarm system that ends the dialysis procedure by clamping the venous line if any safety system parts are out of the normal range. Ten patients’ waste solution samples were taken, and they went under study and filtered using our proposed system. Where it was noticed that the filtration efficiency of the conventional center-based dialysis machine deteriorates over the years since the total dissolved solids increased over the years due to the progression of kidney failure and the accumulation of toxins and large molecules in the blood vessels, which demands an alternative method to overcome this problem.