Current working point effect on BLDC motor temperature and efficiency

The development of electric vehicles has increased over the decades. This phenomenon has done much research to develop electric motors that can accommodate transportation needs with high efficiency and safety. This study investigates the impact of the current working point on the motor temperature and efficiency of the electric motor. The type of study was an experimental study. The subject of study is an electric motor 300W applied on a hoverboard. MATLAB Simulation was used to investigate the temperature of each electric motor component and the efficiency of the electric motor. The study showed that changing the current working point on the electric motor affected the temperature change in the electric motor component. The lower the working current, the lower the temperature occurs in the electric motor. The lowest temperature is in the current working point 4A, where the temperature in the stator back iron is 59.1 degree Celsius, the temperature in the rotor magnet is 50 degrees Celsius, and the temperature in the rotor core is 49.8 degree Celsius. The results of the motor torque and efficiency analysis show that a 10A motor working current point has the highest efficiency with 90-91% with a range of 600-700 rpm and a torque of 0.8-1.8 N.m. In contrast, the 4A motor working current has a small range of efficiency with maximum efficiency of 89-90% in a speed range of 550-700 rpm.