Synthesis and application of manganese (II) complex with congo red and rhodamine B ligands as sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC)

The synthesis of manganese (II) complex compounds has been carried out with congo red ligands and rhodamine B ligands. Complex compounds were synthesised by refluxing a mixture of ligands and metals at 100 ˚C using aquabides as a solvent for congo red ligands and 78 ˚C using ethanol as a solvent for rhodamine B ligands, producing a dark red solid with a yield of 74.54% for the manganese (II)-congo red complex and produced a purple solid with a yield of 75.94% for the manganese (II)-rhodamine B complex. The solid obtained was then characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, and MSB which showed the formation of manganese (II)-congo red complex and manganese (II)-rhodamine B complex. The results of the UV-Vis spectrophotometer characterization resulted in a maximum wavelength of 368 nm with an absorbance of 0.979 for the manganese complex. (II)-congo red and a wavelength of 548 nm with an absorbance of 0.224 for the manganese (II)-rhodamine B complex. Characterisation results the FTIR produces a wave number of 449.41 cm-1 which indicates the Mn-N vibration of the manganese (II)-congo red complex and produces a wave number of 476.42 cm-1 for the Mn-N vibration and 362.62 cm-1 for the Mn-N vibration. Mn-O vibrations of the manganese (II)-rhodamine B complex. The results of MSB characterization resulted in both complexes being paramagnetic and having an octahedral geometry with a magnetic moment of 5.60 BM for the manganese (II)-congo red complex and 6.0 BM. BM for the manganese (II)-rhodamine B complex. The complex compound was applied as a DSSC by showing performance that has a maximum voltage value (Vmax), maximum current strength (Imax), and efficiency (η) of 275.4 mV, 8.0 mA, 2.22% for manganese (II)-congo red complex and 282.8 mV, 2.0 mA, 0.56% for manganese (II)-rhodamine B complex.