Determination of mining area deformation using data gained from combination of GNSS and InSAR

In the past years, many attempts have been made to combine GNSS with InSAR techniques to measure surface deformations resulting from mining area activities. The use of GNSS data with spaceborne radar interferometry can determine sites’ deformation and sudden subsidence on the Earth’s surface, which depends on the permanent scatter (PS). Deformation of the earth’s surface in urban areas may cause a great danger to human lives, structures, and infrastructure in that area. The recent exploitation of mineral resources without the supervision of government institutions and a large number of excavations in mining areas may lead to sudden subsidence of the soil surface. Therefore, the use of InSAR techniques and their combination with GNSS data contributes to discovering sudden landing sites and identifying deformation areas at standard intervals after providing data for six CORS reference stations through GPS / GNSS, to create a network of points with coordinates known by ARC GIS program for the purpose of continuous monitoring of deformation sites in mining areas. The aim of the research is to continuously determine and monitor surface deformations, in addition to isolating local mining impacts from general impacts in mining areas. so, this study is considered one of the most important practical principles in the application of the Incorporation of GNSS data and InSAR technologies and their usefulness in identifying and monitoring sites of surface deformation and subsidence in mining areas.