Biofuel production from pork fat

Biofuel production from pork fat aims to utilize a renewable energy source from slaughterhouse waste. This research uses a two-step pyrolysis principle. The first step is to extract lard from fat at 175 °C, and the second step is pyrolysis of lard at 500 °C. The primary variables studied in this research were 2 sets of condensing temperatures as follows: 6 high-temperature condensing units at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C and 3 low condensing temperatures consisting of 0, −10 and −20 °C. The results of the research showed that the temperature of first condensing temperature, 60 °C, yielded 40 wt% of heavy fuel. However, when raising the temperature of the first condenser to 80 °C and reducing the temperature of the second condenser to −20 °C, the yield of light fuel was increased to a maximum of 8.3 wt%. The light fuel from the second condenser has a significantly lower density and viscosity than the heavy fuel from the first condenser. Also, light fuel is easier to ignite than heavy fuel. Additionally, the chemical composition analysis of light fuel from the negative temperature condenser confirmed that compounds such as benzene (C6H6), 1-heptene (C7H14), and 1-decene (C10H20) were increased, thus helping to increase the high-heating value. It can also significantly reduce acids such as oleic acid and octadecanoic acid in the fuel.