Synergistic effect of photodynamic therapy and 5-aminolevulinic acid photosensitizer on skin cancer A431 cell line

The purpose of this in vitro study was to look at the effect of visible light, 5-ALA photosensitizer, and both of them together on the skin cancer A431 cell line’s viability (cytotoxic or enhancing). Skin cell plates grown in culture medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) were irradiated with a light source. After that, plates were treated with the 5-ALA or a combination of them, and plates were incubated for 24 hours. The crystal violet assay (cytotoxicity analysis) was used to determine the viability of the cells in all the experiments, and the intensity of color was measured by a plate reader. Various irradiance doses and time exposures have been considered. The blue LED (420– 480 nm) has active results. Exposure of skin cancer cells to blue LED induced a rapid and large reduction in viability, followed by the death of nearly half the cells. The phototoxic assay showed that PDT induced the death of 45% of the cells in 240 seconds with a 400 mW/cm2 power density. Researchers came to the conclusion that both blue LED alone and blue LED plus the best concentration of 5-ALA (250 µg/ml) together reduced the number of cells.