Evaluation of the bull semen quality based on cattle breeds at the Lampung Artificial Insemination Center

Lampung Province is the province with the 7th largest beef cattle population in Indonesia with a total population of 860,951 heads in 2021. The beef cattle population projection set by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture in 2024 is 24,010,000 heads from 2019 of 17,119.000 heads with beef production in 2024 is 537,580 tons, an increase from 2019 of 383,290 tons. In order to meet the target for population achievement and beef beef production, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia has set a target for artificial insemination acceptors of 4,101,500 heads with a need for frozen semen straw doses of 5,671,956 doses produced by Artificial Insemination Centers in Indonesia. The Lampung Artificial Insemination Center is one of the Regional Technical Implementation Units under the coordination of the Lampung Province Livestock and Animal Health Service. In order to support this achievement target, the Lampung Artificial Insemination Center has increased the production dose of frozen beef cattle straw semen by controlling the quantity and quality of frozen semen. This study aimed to evaluate the semen quality of bulls by examining the macroscopic and microscopic quality of fresh semen and frozen semen from four breeds of cattle at the Lampung Artificial Insemination Center. This study used secondary data from January to April 2021 in the form of macroscopic and microscopic evaluations results of fresh semen and frozen semen from 4 bulls of various breeds at the Lampung Artificial Insemination Center consisting of Limousin, Simmental, Brahman, and Ongole Crossbreed bulls with semen collection method using an artificial vagina. The method used in this research was a case study. Data collection in this study were using purposive sampling method. Statistical data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistic 24 software with one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 5% followed by the Tukey test to determine the breed of bull with the best semen quality. The evaluation results showed that macroscopically all cattle breeds produced normal fresh semen color, medium viscosity, and normal pH 6-7 with the volume of fresh semen of Brahman and Ongole Crossbreed bulls significantly (P0.05) and the highest concentration of spermatozo