SMES and UPFC coordinated strategy for LFC of hydro-thermal power station with water cycle algorithm based PID controller

In this paper, the classical PID regulator depending on the modern optimization mechanism of the water cycle optimization (WCO) is presented as a regulator for two areas of hydrothermal (TAHT) power system (TAHTPS). However, the presented regulator efficacy is demonstrated with I and PI for the same disturbance in step load (SLD) of 10% on area-1. Moreover, the sovereignty of WCA optimized PID is validated by other approaches listed in recent literature. Further, TAHTPS is integrated with a unified power flow controller (UPFC) to dampen deviations and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) in each control region. Simulation results deliberately the performance of the UPFC-SMES strategy in regulating the frequency of TAHTPS.