An assessment of rainfall distribution in Kuantan river basin using generalized extreme value distribution and Gamma distribution

Weather includes current atmospheric conditions such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind. It could be sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy, stormy, and even snowing. Rainfall is the most common type of precipitation that causes streamflow, particularly flood flow in a river. Temperature rises have increased evaporation, rainfall intensity, sea level, and other factors. These changes will result in more extraordinary disasters, such as increased flood events. Being a tropical country will also result in massive floods due to excessive rainfall during the monsoon season, particularly the northeast and southwest monsoon season. To avoid being severely impacted, the study for determining the rainfall trend is essential to identify the changes and solutions to be implemented in climate change. Understanding the rainfall characteristic is also critical for disaster risk management. Hence, using an efficient rainfall model based on the probability distribution method effectively predicts and determines the distribution of the rainfall. The main objective of this research is to analyze the rainfall distribution of monthly and annual maximum daily rainfall data at ten hydrological stations in the Kuantan River Basin from 1975 to 2021 by using Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) and Gamma distribution. This research aims to determine the capability and suitability of selected probability distributions in analyzing rainfall trends in the Kuantan River Basin due to frequent weather changes.