Modelling fruit outline using cubic trigonometric spline

In Computer Aided Geometric Design (CAGD) area, the concern is to design and model curved objects and surfaces using numerous mathematical techniques. Designers would consider using efficient tools in terms of functionalities, effectiveness, and minimal error for handling and modifying the shape of objects and surfaces. This paper aims to reconstruct curves of font ‘epsilon’ and an Arabic letter ‘ya’ using cubic trigonometric spline besides modelling the 2D fruits outline. Four different kinds of basis functions of cubic trigonometric splines with one shape parameter are presented to find the best spline for fitting the curve. The fitted curves need to comply with specific conditions to precise the original data. The Least Squares Minimization (LSM) method is involved in this study to calculate control points to minimize the approximation error. The cubic trigonometric spline’s shape parameter value is adjusted to get the desired curve. The approximation error is represented between the fitted curve and the corresponding data point to get a numerical result.