Isolation and determination of xanthine oxidase enzyme activity from bamboo shoots (Bambusa Vulgaris)

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an oxidoreductase enzyme that plays a role in purine metabolism by converting hypoxanthine to xanthine which is then converted to uric acid. This study aimed to isolate, and fractionate XO enzymes from bamboo shoots (Bambusa vulgaris). Isolation of XO enzyme from Bambusa vulgaris was carried out by extraction method then centrifuged to obtain crude extract of the enzyme, and initial purification was carried out by fractionating ammonium sulfate at a saturation level of 0-100%. Specific activity was determined using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results of the analysis showed that the crude enzyme XO activity, protein content and specific activity values were 0.042 mU/mL, 9.568 mg/mL and 0.0044 mU/mg, respectively. The results of XO fractionation had the highest specific activity at the saturation level of ammonium sulfate 20–40%. It was 0.0046 mU/mg. The results of this study indicate that Bambusa vulgaris can be used as a source of XO enzymes.