Ovarian dynamics and progesterone profiles during estrus cycle in swamp buffaloes

A study of the ovarian dynamics and progesterone profiles in swamp buffalo has been done to determine the pattern of follicular development during the estrus cycle. The use of ultrasonography (USG) technology coupled with the hormone profile has played an important role in understanding ovarian follicular dynamics in swamp buffaloes. Research on the ovarian dynamics and progesterone profiles during the estrus cycle in swamp buffaloes had been carried out to observe the pattern of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum (CL) development and their relationship with the progesterone (P4) level of blood plasma. The data of estrus cycles from 6 swamp buffaloes were observed by using USG during the estrus cycle to describe growth and regression of follicles and CL, wave pattern, and its relation to plasma progesterone profile. Results indicated that four of six buffaloes had two waves of follicular growth per estrus cycle, one buffalo had three-wave follicular growth, and one buffalo was not cyclical or had inactive ovaries. The two-wave pattern of four buffaloes had a length of estrus cycle of 21 days, and the three-wave pattern had 22-day estrus cycle length. The growth of CL was highly correlated with the progesterone profiles. The average CL maximum diameter for the 2-wave pattern was mm, which occurred on day 11.25 of cyclic, while the maximum of progesterone 4.07 ng/mL was on day 13.50. For buffaloes with 3-wave pattern, the maximum diameter of CL was 16.2 mm on day 9. The P4 maximum was 4.22 ng/ml, occurring on day 13. It can be concluded in this research that the dynamic ovarian pattern of swamp buffaloes mostly had a two-wave pattern of follicular growth during the estrus cycle.