Optimization of green extraction parameters on yield and phenolic content for Moringa Oleifera leaves

Extraction is widely used in various industries such as food and pharmaceutical industries as these industries need to achieve certain level of nutrients in their products. However, conventional extraction commonly takes longer time and uses large amount of solvent to get the same yield as in advanced extraction. Hence, green extraction technology which is microwave assisted extraction was carried out and water was used as a solvent. The extraction of Moringa oleifera crude extract was conducted with microwave to improve extraction efficiency and the optimization was carried out via response surface methodology (RSM). The optimization parameters were microwave power and extraction time while the responses were yield of extract and total phenolic content (TPC). The optimization method was done following Central Composite Design (CCD) and the optimum parameters obtained were 264 W power and 3 min of extraction time. The experimental data obtained the maximum yield of extract and TPC were 53.67 % and 118.10 µg/mL, respectively. To be compared, the predicted responses were at 53.72 % and 115.07 µg/mL, which had small deviation of 0.053% and 3.024 µg/mL, respectively. Therefore, optimization using CCD has successfully optimized the extraction parameters with comparable predicted and experimental observation.