The effectiveness of insecticides to eliminate Rhipicephalus sanguineus, A disease vector of dogs

Rhipicephalus sanguineus is one of the most important blood-sucking ectoparasites of dogs, also a vector of various diseases. The rapid treatment to control it is by giving an effective insecticide. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of insecticides (chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, abamecti,n and pine oil) to eliminate Rhipicephalus sanguineus in dogs in vitro. This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Applied Research Institute of Agricultural Quarantine, in Bekasi, West Java. Rhipicephalus sanguineus larvae were used as the indicator for the most optimum concentration of insecticide to eliminate 100% of these ticks. Tick larvae were divided into 12 groups according to the number of insecticide treatments. One group was the control. Each group was repeated for 3 subgroups. The active compounds of insecticides used in this study were chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, and abamectin with concentrations 1 g/L, 2 g/L, 3 g/L, respectively, and pine oil phenol at 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5%, respectively. Twenty larvae±5–7 days aged were placed on filter paper in Petri dishes for each group. The insecticide was applied by spraying the solution using a small 500 mL sprayer into each petri dish containing the larvae. Spraying was conducted by spraying two sprays for each group with a determined concentration. The percentage of dead larvae was calculated at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. The treatment result showed that the longer the tick larvae were exposed to insecticides, the higher the number of deaths. The results of this study showed that 3 g/L abamectin, 3 g/L cypermethrin, and 3 g/L chlorpyrifos were able to eliminate 100% of tick larvae after 2 hours of insecticide application.