Comparison of corporate criminal liability for illegal trade of protected wildlife in Indonesia and South Africa

Illegal trade of protected wildlife occurs frequently in Indonesia and in South Africa. There is an increasing number of criminal acts against wildlife, especially in the illegal trade of protected wildlife. There are different laws between the two countries in responding to the illegal trade of protected wildlife. This research aims to examine the legal accountability and protection for wildlife under Indonesian and South African laws. To answer the above problems, the method used is juridical normative by examining the positive laws of Indonesia and South Africa relating to wildlife protection. An important finding in this study is that there are significant differences in legal regulations or norms in Indonesia and South Africa, especially regarding the criminal responsibility of the trade of protected wildlife. The difference in accountability is that Indonesia does not have sufficient regulations regarding corporate responsibility on wildlife protection laws, while wildlife crimes that occur in South Africa have laws regulating the protection of wildlife.