Power consumption analysis of a brushless DC motor 48V 500W electric bike on an assembled lithium-ion 21700 battery pack

Based on Central Bureau of Statistics data as of 2019, the number of motorcycles recorded is 112,771,136 units or about 84 percent of the total vehicles. Moreover, the pollution caused by motor vehicle exhaust has a very bad impact on air quality in Indonesia, and innovation is needed to overcome this wider impact. Electric bicycles are environmentally friendly transportation because they do not cause exhaust gas and pollution. This study aims to assemble lithium-ion batteries as a power source for electric bicycles and analyze the power consumption of batteries used in electric bicycles with several variations of speed. This study uses an experimental method with the data obtained in the form of battery capacity, battery voltage, the maximum speed of the bicycle, and the distance of the bicycle from full battery to exhaustion. The test was carried out on an electric bicycle with a Brushless DC 48V 500Watt motor drive. The battery used is an assembled lithium-ion type with a total capacity of 48 Volt 15Ah. After three tests, it was found that there was an effect of speed conditions on battery consumption. The initial voltage of the battery is 48V, the lowest voltage is at 41V, and the battery will be discharged at a voltage of 39V. This test concludes that there is an effect of speed conditions on battery consumption, where at high speeds it requires a larger battery voltage than at lower speeds, the higher the speed, the more the battery voltage will drop to move the electric bicycle.