Developing students' critical thinking skills through STEM-PjBL integrated with TPACK in static fluid topics

Critical thinking is an essential skill that students should be mastered. However, the majority of studies found that students' critical thinking skills were still considered low. This study aims to explore the effect of STEM-PjBL with TPACK learning on students' critical thinking skills in the static fluid. The method used is quasi-experiment involved 21 students from one of the senior high schools in Tulungagung regency. STEM-PjBL with TPACK was used to teach the experiment group, and conventional learning was used to teach the control group. This study showed that there is no significant difference between students' critical thinking skills in both groups (U=25.00, p>0.05). It was probably because students' didn't work collaboratively during project making and had a low dependency on learning. The result implied that improving students' critical thinking skills are not easy to conduct. Furthermore, more attention and effort are needed when implementing STEM-PjBL integrated TPACK during the online learning environment.