Desludging and sanitation service models in sanitation value chain: Emerging opportunities and challenges

This study is a collection of desludging and sanitation service models in sanitation value chain in south-east Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The paper presents a holistic analysis on different desludging and sanitation service models, what worked in different geographical region of south-east Asia and sub-Saharan Africa and reflecting the best sanitation practices for creating an enabling environment making sustainable sanitation value chain. From the study and literature it has been observed that desludging schedule is different for dry and wet toilets from 24–36 months to 1–2 months respectively depending upon the institutional and domestic utilization and sanitation practices. Also, It is has been reflected upon the construction quality of containment and its issues with emptying practice by development of hard crust of sludge. The study also briefly comments on the overall desludging practices affecting the digestion process of the system.