Intelligent traffic light system: Green signal activation algorithm for emergency vehicles in heavy traffic clearance in metropolitan cities

Urban and metropolitan areas lack the well-developed and properly managed traffic management system. Recent studies estimate that a large segment of population will migrate to urban areas by the next decade making these areas highly congested and populated. The complication of traffic control in urban areas has elevated road congestion. The mismanagement of traffic due to the fixed traffic light system (FTLS) has widely affected the road transportation. This paper proposes an Intelligent Traffic Light System (ITLS) for Ludhiana Road transportation and makes a comparison between the FTLS and ITLS. In the normal traffic system, they have an average of 180seconds time duration to bypassing the signal whereas in ITLS mode of operation, it looks for the heavy traffic lane and increases the 90 more seconds to allow the vehicles to bypass the signals from the heavy load lane. With the help of image sensor, CANNY Edge detection algorithm detecting the edges of the vehicles and store the information at edge server. Edge server then computes the green signal activation for heavy load lane information and makes the decision to give the way of concerned lane. values of the used here to carry the heavy load information to the traffic signal system to the implementing ITLS. The comparison regards the ITLS as an efficient system for traffic management and congestion control, plunging the delay and the average waiting time of the vehicles. This research paper discusses the overall architecture of ITLS, implementation of CANNY Edge detection algorithm and green signal activation algorithm.