Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite from broiler eggshell

Hydroxyapatite synthesis was conducted from broiler eggshell (Gallus-gallus) by using precipitation method. Hydroxyapatite is synthesized from a calcium source that is broiler eggshell. Hydroxyapatite synthesis is done by heating up a 200 mesh by using furnace at the temperature of 600°C for 3 hours. The eggshell is heated for turning the CaCO3 contained into CaO. The precipitation method is carried out by react the calcium source with H3PO4 solution, which functions as a phosphate to obtain hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite obtained was characterized by XRD and FTIR to determine the crystalline phase and to see the functional groups of hydroxyapatite. From the results obtained, the size of crystal is 97.7 nm and the crystal structure is hexagonal. From the results of FTIR characterization, it is known that 3 main groups have formed, namely the phosphate group (PO43−) which appeared at wavenumbers around 562.65 cm−1, 3 896.29 cm−1, 1065.52 cm−1, carbonate group (CO32−) at wave number 1400.00 cm−1 and hydroxyl group (OH−) at wave number 3435.71 cm−1. The result of hydroxyapatite characterization from broiler eggshells indicated that hydroxyapatite has formed well.