OPTIMIZED PRODUCTION OF IMMATURE COWPEA UNDER GREEN MANURING IN A SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT
ABSTRACT Given the lack of information on the use of spontaneous plants from the Caatinga biome as green manure to produce green grains, the present work aimed to agronomically and economically optimize cowpea production for green grains and their components when fertilized with equitable biomass am...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Caatinga 2022-09, Vol.35 (3), p.606-617 |
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Zusammenfassung: | ABSTRACT Given the lack of information on the use of spontaneous plants from the Caatinga biome as green manure to produce green grains, the present work aimed to agronomically and economically optimize cowpea production for green grains and their components when fertilized with equitable biomass amounts of hairy woodrose (Merremia aegyptia L.) and roostertree (Calotropis procera Ait.) in two cropping seasons in a semi-arid environment. The experiment used a randomized complete block design, with five treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of equitable amounts of dry M. aegyptia and C. procera biomass of 16, 29, 42, 55 and 68 t ha-1. In each experiment, an additional treatment was planted with cowpea without fertilizer (absolute control), and another was fertilized with mineral fertilizer for the purpose of comparison with the treatment of maximum physical or economic efficiency. The maximum optimized physical (agronomic) efficiencies of cowpea green pods and grain production were reached in the productivity of green pods at 3.90 t ha-1 and green grains at 4.06 t ha-1, with incorporation into the soil of 45.07 and 50.48 t ha-1 of green manure, respectively. The maximum economic efficiency of cowpea green grain production was reached at a net income of R$5826.12 ha-1 and at a rate of return of 1.29 reals for each real invested with application to the soil of 38.74 and 37.85 t ha-1 of the tested green manure biomass.
RESUMO Diante da falta de informações sobre o uso de plantas espontâneas do bioma Caatinga como adubos verdes para produção de grãos verdes, esse trabalho teve como objetivo otimizar agronômica e economicamente a produção de feijão-caupi para grãos verdes e de seus componentes quando adubado com quantidades equitativas de biomassa das espécies jitirana (Merremia aegyptia L.) e flor-de-seda (Calotropis procera Ait.) em duas estações de cultivos em ambiente semiárido. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos completos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de quantidades equitativas de biomassa de jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) e de flor-de-seda (Calotropis procera) nas doses de 16, 29, 42, 55 e 68 t ha-1 em base seca. Em cada experimento foi plantado um tratamento adicional com feijão-caupi sem adubo (testemunha absoluta) e outro adubado com fertilizante mineral para efeito de comparação com o tratamento de máxima eficiência fisica ou econômica. As máximas eficiências físicas |
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ISSN: | 0100-316X 1983-2125 1983-2125 |
DOI: | 10.1590/1983-21252022v35n311rc |