Sclerophylly in mangrove tree species from South Brazil
Sclerophylly, a morphological trait that defines coriaceous and hard leaves, is presently accepted as a non-specific response to environments with acting multiple stresses. In mangroves, features such as flooded and unconsolidated soil, low availability of oxygen, and high salinity characterize this...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Revista mexicana de biodiversidad 2013-12, Vol.84 (4), p.1159-1166 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Sclerophylly, a morphological trait that defines coriaceous and hard leaves, is presently accepted as a non-specific response to environments with acting multiple stresses. In mangroves, features such as flooded and unconsolidated soil, low availability of oxygen, and high salinity characterize this stressful environment. From 2 mangroves areas in the coast of Paraná state, leaves of 3 species (Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia schaueriana) were collected and analyzed nutritionally and morphologically. Sclerophylly indices (Rizzini index and specific leaf area) indicated that all species are sclerophyllous. Considering nutritional and morphological traits, only some of them suggest sclerophylly, such as total leaf thickness in all species, the presence of a sub-epidermal layer in Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia schaueriana and sclereids in Rhizophora mangle. Comparatively, leaves presented different degrees of sclerophylly, in the following order: R. mangle > L. racemosa > A. schaueriana, considering all characteristics analyzed. This gradient of sclerophylly appears to be consequence of different strategies developed by each species in response to the stressful abiotic conditions of mangroves, especially the mechanisms for salinity tolerance.
La esclerofilia es un rasgo morfológico que define hojas coriáceas y duras. Actualmente se acepta como una respuesta no especifica a los ambientes con múltiples factores estresantes. Los manglares se consideran un ambiente estresante debido a sus suelos inundados y no consolidados, una baja disponibilidad de oxigeno y la alta salinidad. En 2 áreas de manglar en la costa del estado de Paraná, se recolectaron hojas de 3 especies de mangle (Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa y Avicennia schaueriana) y se realizaron análisis nutricionales y morfológicas. Los indices de esclerofilia (indice de Rizzini y área especifica foliar) indicaron que todas las especies son esclerófilas. Considerando los rasgos nutricionales y morfológicos, sólo unos pocos indican esclerofilia, como la espesura total de la hoja para todas las especies, la presencia de un estrato subepidérmico en Rhizophora mangle y en Avicennia schaueriana, y esclereidas en Rhizophora mangle. Comparando todos los caracteres analizados, las hojas presentaron diferente grados de esclerofilia, en el siguiente orden: R. mangle > L. racemosa > A. schaueriana. Este gradiente de esclerofilia parece ser consecuencia de las diferentes estrategias d |
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ISSN: | 1870-3453 2007-8706 2007-8706 |
DOI: | 10.7550/rmb.32149 |