Quality of coffee beans from peeled green fruits after temporary immersion in water

ABSTRACT The harvest of green coffee fruits affects their quality; they should be separated from the ripe fruits during processing. The proportion of harvested green fruits can be high, requiring information and technologies to adequately manage and add value to coffee beans from this fruit category. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of coffee beans from green fruits separated during a wet processing and peeled after temporary immersion in water. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of six treatments (ripe peeled coffee fruits dried on suspended yards, non-peeled green coffee fruits under traditional dry management on a concrete yard, and peeled and non-peeled green coffee fruits temporarily immersed in water and dried on suspended and concrete yards) and four replications, in the 2018 crop season. Samples of coffee beans temporarily immersed in water were peeled and separated into peeled and non-peeled fractions and dried in suspended and concrete yards. The peeling yield of green coffee beans and the physical and sensorial characteristics of the processed coffee beans were evaluated. The mean peeling yield was 62% and allowed the separation of more developed green fruits, equating them to ripe peeled coffee beans regarding physical and sensorial quality. RESUMO A colheita dos frutos de café verdes prejudica a qualidade final do produto, portanto devem ser separados dos frutos maduros durante o processamento. Como a proporção de frutos verdes colhidos pode ser alta, necessita-se gerar informações e tecnologias para o manejo adequado a fim de agregar valor aos grãos oriundos dessa categoria de frutos. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade dos grãos de café, oriundos de frutos verdes separados durante o processamento por via úmida e descascados após a imersão temporária em água. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos (café cereja descascado e verde manejo tradicional secos em terreiro de concreto, verde imerso descascado e não descascados secos em terreiro de concreto e em terreiro suspenso) e quatro repetições, ao longo da safra de 2018. Após o descascamento da amostra imersa temporariamente, as frações descascadas e não descascadas foram divididas e secas em terreiro suspenso e de concreto. Avaliaram-se o rendimento do descascamento dos frutos verdes e as características físicas e sensoriais dos grãos beneficiados. O rendimento médio do descascamento foi de 62% e permitiu a segregação dos fr