Yield gap in cowpea plants as function of water déficits during reproductive stage

ABSTRACT The cowpea bean presents low productivity in the Pará state, Brazil, due to low soil fertility and climatic adversity, mainly water deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield gap of cowpea bean in northeast of Para state in response to water deficit during its reproductive...

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Veröffentlicht in:Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental 2020, Vol.24 (6), p.372-378
Hauptverfasser: Souza, Paulo J. O. P., Farias, Vivian D. da S., Pinto, João V. N., Nunes, Hildo G. G. C., Souza, Everaldo B. de, Fraisse, Clyde W.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACT The cowpea bean presents low productivity in the Pará state, Brazil, due to low soil fertility and climatic adversity, mainly water deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield gap of cowpea bean in northeast of Para state in response to water deficit during its reproductive phase. The experiment was carried out in Castanhal, PA, Brazil, during 2015 and 2016. A randomized block design with six repetitions and four treatments was used; where T1 consisted of 100% replacement of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc), T2 to 50%, T3 to 25% and T4 without irrigation, in the reproductive phase. The yield was determined at R9 stage. The simulations with the SARRAZON model were carried out with different sowing dates. The total deficiencies in the reproductive phase were spatialized considering the 30 locations in order to assess the temporal and spatial seasonality of water availability and the sowing period in the study region. The cowpea bean was sensitive to soil water availability with considerable reductions in productivity due to the increase in water deficit compared to the treatment T1 (100% ETc). When water deficits reached more than 47 mm, there were yield gaps over 20%. According to the spatial variability of simulated water deficiency, the sowing of cowpea bean in regions located above 2° latitude may extend until June 20 without showing high yield gaps. RESUMO O feijão-caupi tem baixa produtividade no Estado do Pará em função da baixa fertilidade dos solos e da adversidade climática, principalmente a deficiência hídrica. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a quebra de produtividade do feijão-caupi no Nordeste Paraense em resposta à deficiência hídrica na sua fase reprodutiva. O experimento foi conduzido em Castanhal, PA, nos anos de 2015 e 2016. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com seis repetições e quatro tratamentos; T1 consistiu na reposição de 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), T2 em 50%, T3 em 25% e T4 sem irrigação, na fase reprodutiva. A produtividade do feijão-caupi foi determinada na fase R9. As simulações com o modelo SARRAZON foram realizadas com diferentes datas de semeadura. As deficiências totais na fase reprodutiva foram espacializadas considerando as 30 localizações a fim de se avaliar a sazonalidade temporal e espacial da disponibilidade hídrica e do período de semeadura na região de estudo. O feijão-caupi mostrou-se sensível à disponibilidade de água no solo, com reduções c
ISSN:1415-4366
1807-1929
1807-1929
DOI:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n6p372-378