Solar drying of cowpea bean combined with drying in a heat accumulator dryer

ABSTRACT As solar radiation is abundant in Brazil during most of the year and this source of energy is renewable and non-polluting par excellence, solar drying of agricultural products is a promising methodology. The objective of this study was to dry cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] bean grain...

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Veröffentlicht in:Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental 2019-09, Vol.23 (9), p.709-715
Hauptverfasser: Alves, Ronaldo A., Queiroz, Alexandre J. de M., Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F. de, Silva, Wilton P. da, Gomes, Josivanda P.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACT As solar radiation is abundant in Brazil during most of the year and this source of energy is renewable and non-polluting par excellence, solar drying of agricultural products is a promising methodology. The objective of this study was to dry cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] bean grains using solar energy in different exposure times, adjusting the mathematical models and calculation of the effective diffusivity. Drying was performed during the day with samples exposed to the sun; during the night, half of the samples were put to dry in a heat accumulator dryer for nighttime drying and the other half was left on a laboratory bench as control. Cowpea bean grains had initial and final moisture contents of 65.42 and 6.73% d.b. (after drying in the heat accumulator dryer), respectively. The models Approximation of Diffusion, Page, Verma, Logarithmic and Two Terms were fitted to the drying kinetics and all of them fitted well to the experimental data, with coefficients of determination (R2) higher than 0.98, mean square deviations (MSD) less than 0.01 and chi-square (χ2) values lower than 0.0001. The effective diffusivity values were of the order of 10-11 m2 s-1 for the cowpea bean samples. The heat accumulator dryer was effective as a complement to the drying by exposure to the sun, maintaining a suitable temperature for nighttime drying. RESUMO Como a radiação solar é abundante no Brasil durante quase todo o ano e por ser essa a fonte de energia renovável e não poluente por excelência, a secagem solar dos produtos agrícolas é uma metodologia promissora. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, secar grãos de feijão-caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] utilizando energia solar em diferentes tempos de exposição, ajustando os modelos matemáticos e calculando a difusividade efetiva. As secagens foram realizadas durante o dia com as amostras expostas ao sol; durante a noite metade das amostras eram postas para secar em secador acumulador de calor de uso noturno e a outra metade era deixada em bancada de laboratório como amostras testemunhas. Os grãos de feijão-caupi apresentaram teor de água inicial e final de 65,42 e 6,73% b.u. (após a secagem no secador acumulador de calor), respectivamente. Os modelos de Aproximação da Difusão, Page, Verma, Logarítmico e Dois Termos foram ajustados às cinéticas de secagem, os quais apresentaram bons ajustes aos dados experimentais, com valores dos coeficientes de determinação (R2) superiores a 0,98, desvio quadrático médio (D
ISSN:1415-4366
1807-1929
1807-1929
DOI:10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n9p709-715