Chemical Composition, Insecticidal, and Antifungal Activities of Fruit Essential Oils of Three Colombian Zanthoxylum Species

This study determined the chemical composition of essential oils isolated from Zanthoxylum monophyllum (Lam.) P. Wilson, Z. rhoifolium Lam., and Z. fagara (L.) Sarg. fruits by steam distillation, as well as testing antifungal and insecticidal activities of essential oils as potential pesticides. Gas...

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Veröffentlicht in:Chilean journal of agricultural research 2011-01, Vol.71 (1), p.73-82
Hauptverfasser: Prieto, Juliet A, Patiño, Oscar J, Delgado, Wilman A, Moreno, Jenny P, Cuca, Luis E
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:This study determined the chemical composition of essential oils isolated from Zanthoxylum monophyllum (Lam.) P. Wilson, Z. rhoifolium Lam., and Z. fagara (L.) Sarg. fruits by steam distillation, as well as testing antifungal and insecticidal activities of essential oils as potential pesticides. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis identified 57 compounds. The main constituents in Z. rhoifolium oil were β-Myrcene (59.03%), β-phellandrene (21.47%), and germacrene D (9.28%) , the major constituents of Z. monophyllum oil were sabinene (25.71%), 1,8-cineole (9.19%), and cis-4-thujanol (9.19%), whereas fruit oil of Z. fagara mainly contained germacrene D-4-ol (21.1%), elemol (8.35%), and main constituents Zanthoxylum fagara showed the highest activity on Colletotrichum acutatum Simmonds (EC50 153.9 μL L-1 air), and Z. monophyllum was the most active against Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend: Fr. f. sp. lycopersici (EC50 140.1 μL L-1 air). Zanthoxylum monophyllum essential oil showed significant fumigant activity against Sitophilus oryzae (L.). This study demonstrated that Zanthoxylum essential oils exhibit important fungicidal activity on F. oxysporum and C. acutatum, which could become an alternative to synthetic fung9icides to control plant fungal diseases, and Z. monophyllum oil is a potential fumigant against S. oryzae. En este estudio se determinó la composición química de los aceites esenciales de frutos de Zanthoxylum monophyllum (Lam.) P. Wilson, Z. rhoifolium Lam. y Z. fagara (L.) Sarg. obtenidos mediante destilación por arrastre con vapor y se evaluó la actividad antifúngica e insecticida de los aceites esenciales para estimar su uso como posibles plaguicidas. El análisis por cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas (CG/EM) permitió la identificación de 57 compuestos. β-Mirceno (59,03%), β-felandreno (21,47%) y germacreno D (9,28%) fueron los componentes principales del aceite de Z. rhoifolium; los principales componentes del aceite de Z. monophyllum fueron sabineno (25,71%), 1,8 -cineol (9,19%) y cis-4-thujanol (9,19%), mientras que el aceite de frutos de Z. fagara está compuesto principalmente por germacreno D-4-ol (21,1%), elemol (8,35%) y α-cadinol (8,22% ). Zanthoxylum fagara presentó la mayor actividad sobre Colletotrichum acutatum Simmonds (EC50 153,9 μL L-1 de aire) y Z. monophyllum fue el más activo contra Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend: Fr. f. sp. lycopersici (EC50 140,1 μL L-1 de aire). El aceite esencial de Z. monophyll
ISSN:0718-5820
0718-5839
0718-5839
DOI:10.4067/S0718-58392011000100009