Occurrence of Leishmania infection in the immediate geographic region of Ji-Parana, Rondonia State, Brazil

Introduction: This study evaluated the epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the immediate region of Ji-Parana, Rondonia State. Methods: Samples and epidemiological data were collected from 105 patients. Results: Leishmania infection was observed in 58 (55.2%) patients, and Leishmania braziliensis was present in 82.9% of the 41 sequenced samples. Infected patients were predominantly male (93.1%). Leishmania infection was twice as prevalent among rural inhabitants versus urban inhabitants. Lesions were more frequent in the upper limbs (arms/hands, 41.82%). Conclusions: The present data corroborate the zoonotic profile of cutaneous leishmaniasis; this information could help to improve surveillance and control strategies.