Adiponectina, insulina y glicemia, en individuos con sobrepeso u obesidad sometidos a un régimen de alimentación rico en carbohidratos complejos

Adiponectin one of the cytokines secreted by the adipose tissue that regulates the energetic metabolism through glucose and insulin interactions., stimulates the oxidation of fatty acids, reduces the plasmatic triglycerides and improves glucose metabolism by increasing insulin sensibility. Serum concentrations of adiponectin, insulin and glucose were assessed in order to establish association to weight loss after a dietary regime based on consumption of complex carbohydrates (fiber) during six weeks. Overweight and obese subjects (n=56) were studied by anthropometry. Adiponectin and insulin were measured by ELISA and glucose by Colorimetry. Data was analyzed by non parametric tests to compare independent or related samples. 12 men and 44 women, aged 20 to 55 years, 17 overweight and 39 obese were assessed. Adiponectin concentration was significantly low at basal determination in all the subjects (4,47 ±1,64); being higher in women (4,62±1,57 vs 3,93±1,86 μU/mL in men), while glucose and insulin values were at normal range (82,46±26,51 mg/dL and 14,12±10,15 μU/mL) respectively with no significant differences for sex. Overweight subjects had significantly higher adiponectin concentrations than obese participants, at all measurements. Dietary regime promoted significant increase in adiponectin concentration at second and sixth week, with a negative correlation to body mass index and gender as they lost body weight. La adiponectina es una citoquina secretada por el tejido adiposo, que regula el metabolismo energético, estimula la oxidación de ácidos grasos, reduce los triglicéridos plasmáticos y mejora el metabolismo de la glucosa mediante aumento de la sensibilidad a la insulina. Se evaluaron niveles séricos de adiponectina, insulina y glicemia, y su relación con pérdida de peso en 56 individuos con diagnostico de sobrepeso y obesidad bajo un régimen de alimentación hipocalórico, basado en el consumo de carbohidratos complejos (cereal rico en fibra durante seis semanas). Se realizó antropometría y determinación de adiponectina e insulina (ELISA), glicemia (Colorimetrico-enzimático). Los datos se analizaron por pruebas no paramétricas para comparaciones de muestras independientes o relacionadas. Los participantes fueron (12 hombres, 44 mujeres, 20 a 55 años) 17 con diagnostico de sobrepeso y 39 con obesidad. La adiponectina se encontró significativamente baja al inicio del programa en todos los participantes (4,47 ±1,64μg/mL), mayor en mujeres que en hombres (