A quick guide to safety and compatibility of passive implants and devices in an MR environment : review article

An increasing number of patients with metal implants are being referred for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigations. Implants and devices may be divided into two groups, namely active and passive. This article will focus on passive devices. A device is MR-safe when it is used in the MR environment, but presents no additional risk to the patient or other individuals, although the quality of diagnostic information may be affected. MR procedures may be contraindicated due to various interactions between the MR environment and medical devices, which include torque, translational force, heating, induced electrical currents, magnetic field interactions, artefacts, and misrepresentation. Therefore, before deciding whether any object is MRsafe/ compatible, the intended use and the possible retaining mechanisms must be considered.