A high energy density full lithium-ion cell based on specially matched coulombic efficiency

Nano-spherical Li-rich cathodes and Mn x Co 1− x O anodes are synthesized from as-solvothermal Mn x Co 1− x CO 3 ( x = 1, 0.8, and 0.5) precursors. Based on the half-cell studies of these materials, Li-rich 0.5Li 2 MnO 3 ·0.5LiMn 0.5 Ni 0.5 O 2 with a high reversible capacity of 247 mA h g −1 and binary transition metal oxide Mn 0.8 Co 0.2 O with a reversible capacity of 759 mA h g −1 are selected respectively as the optimal positive and negative electrodes to construct a full cell. Such an electrode match-up, i.e. Li-rich/Mn 0.8 Co 0.2 O full cell ("N-cell"), allows no need for pre-activation of the metal oxide anode. This "N-cell" can deliver a high reversible capacity of 205 mA h g −1 and particularly rather high volumetric energy density, which is about 31% higher than that of a Li-rich/graphite full cell ("T-cell"). The special coulombic efficiency match-up and tailored microstructures and compositions of the electrode materials are all crucial to achieve such a high energy density. Li-rich cathodes and Mn x Co 1− x O anodes are selected to construct a full-cell by specially matched coulombic efficiency, which delivers particularly high energy density.