Synergistic effects of SrTiO nanocubes and Ti dual-doping for highly improved photoelectrochemical performance of TiO nanotube arrays under visible light

We demonstrate that the hetero-coupling of SrTiO 3 nanocubes on TiO 2 nanotube arrays and Ti 3+ dual-doping on both SrTiO 3 and TiO 2 could not only extend their photoresponse from the UV to visible light region, but also facilitate efficient charge separation and transfer between SrTiO 3 x and TiO 2 x . Moreover, their synergistic effects could substantially improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance for water oxidation under visible light irradiation, which is 40 times higher than the PEC capabilities of pristine TiO 2 arrays under the same conditions. The synergistic effects of heterocoupling of SrTiO 3 nanocubes and Ti 3+ dual-doping could substantially improve the photoelectrochemical performances of TiO 2 nanotube arrays under visible-light irradiation.