Characteristics of Patients with Crohn’s Disease With or Without Perianal Fistulae in the CorEvitas Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry

Background There are limited real-world data characterizing perianal fistulae in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Aim To describe characteristics of patients with CD with and without perianal fistulae. Methods In this cross-sectional study, characteristics, treatment history, and health outcomes of patients with CD enrolled in the CorEvitas IBD Registry were described according to perianal fistula status (current/previous or none). Results Eight hundred and seventy-eight patients were included. Compared with patients with no perianal fistulae ( n = 723), patients with current/previous perianal fistulae ( n = 155) had longer disease duration since CD diagnosis (mean 16.5 vs 12.3 years; difference 4.3 years; 95% CI, 2.0, 6.6) and fewer had Harvey–Bradshaw Index scores indicative of remission (0–4, 56.8% vs 69.6%; difference − 12.9%; 95% CI, − 21.6, − 4.2). More patients with current/previous fistulae reported a history of IBD-related emergency room visits (67.7% vs 56.1%; difference 11.6%; 95% CI, 3.4, 19.8), hospitalizations (76.1% vs 58.4%; difference 17.7%; 95% CI, 10.1, 25.4), and surgeries (59.4% vs 27.7%; difference 31.7%; 95% CI, 23.3, 40.1), and a history of treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (81.3% vs 60.7%; difference 20.6%; 95% CI, 13.5, 27.7), immunosuppressants (51.6% vs 31.2%; difference 20.4%; 95% CI, 11.9, 29.0), and antibiotics (50.3% vs 23.7%; difference 26.6%; 95% CI, 18.2, 35.1) than patients without perianal fistulae. Conclusions Patients with CD with current/previous perianal fistulae have more symptomatic experiences of disease, higher medication use, hospitalization rates, and emergency room visits than patients without perianal fistulae. Interventions to prevent/reduce risk of developing fistulae may help improve outcomes in CD. Graphical Abstract