A review of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma—Analyzing patient characteristics and treatment strategies

Background Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEH) is a rare vascular tumor of unknown etiology and unpredictable natural history. To date, no large‐scale studies have been published evaluating this disease due to its rare occurrence. Methods The National Cancer Database was reviewed between 2004 and 2016 to identify patients with HEH. Univariate analysis with overall survival (OS) was performed by Cox proportional hazards model. Kaplan–Meier method was used to create OS curves and compared using the log‐rank test. Results We identified 229 patients with HEH. The majority of patients were female (61.1%), white (84.3%), and had a Charlson–Deyo score of 0 (75%). Chemotherapeutic intervention was seen in 26% of the patients while 33% received surgical intervention in the form of wedge/segmental liver resection (n = 27), hepatectomy lobectomy/extended lobectomy (n = 18), and liver transplant (n = 22). Five‐year survival in surgical patients was 90.5%, 66.5% and 81%, respectively (p = 0.485). Age greater than 55 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.78; p