A comprehensive review of genomic perspectives of canine diseases as a model to study human disorders

The domestic dog has been given considerable attention as a system for investigating the genetics of human diseases. Population diversity and breed structure are unique features that make dogs particularly amenable to genetic studies. Dogs show distinguished features of breed-specific homogeneity, which is associated with striking interbreed heterogeneity. This review discusses the significance of studying the genetic maps, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and usefulness of this species as an animal model. Most canine genetic disorders are similar to those of humans, including inherited, psychiatric, and genetic disorders. In addition to revealing new candidate genes, canine models allow access to experimental resources, such as cells, tissues, and even live animals, for research and intervention purposes.