Quiescence-inducing neurons-induced hypometabolism ameliorates acute kidney injury in a mouse model mimicking cardiovascular surgery requiring circulatory arrest

Acute kidney injury is a serious complication after cardiovascular surgery requiring circulatory arrest. It is reported that mice can be induced into a hibernation-like hypometabolic state by stimulating a specific neuron located at the hypothalamus (quiescence-inducing neurons-induced hypometabolism [QIH]). Here, we investigated the efficacy of QIH for the amelioration of acute kidney injury in an experimental circulatory arrest using a transgenic mouse model. We genetically prepared mice in which QIH can be conditionally induced (QIH-ready mice). Mice were divided into 4 groups (n = 6 for each): QIH-ready normothermia (QN), QIH-ready hypothermia (QH), control normothermia (CN), and control hypothermia (CH). After induction of QIH, left thoracotomy and descending aorta crossclamping were conducted. After reperfusion, we collected kidneys and evaluated histologic changes and serum biochemical markers, specifically neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C, indicating early kidney injury. Normothermia showed higher tubular injury scores than those in hypothermia (QN vs QH [P = .0021] and CN vs CH [P