High Fasting Blood Sugar and Increased Waist Circumference as Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Older than 45 Years

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) has a long-term impact on retinal micro-blood vessels, culminating in the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR); however; screening for DR is not widely used due to a lack of accessibility and economic constraints, especially in resource-limited settings. Thus, a longitudinal marker that is associated with the development of DR is required. This study sought to assess the association of DR with fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels and waist circumference.MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for one year. All individuals diagnosed with Type 2 DM (T2DM) and ≥45 years of age were included in the study. Individuals with fasting blood glucose levels of