Atrial Fibrillation in Scrub Typhus: A Series of Four Cases

Scrub typhus, also known as bush typhus, is an acute febrile zoonosis caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, transmitted by the bite of chigger mite. Patients with scrub typhus can have many different presentations such as acute hearing loss, interstitial pneumonitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, myocarditis, pericarditis, meningoencephalitis, acute renal failure, acute hepatic failure, and septic shock. The occurrence of multi-organ dysfunction is responsible for high mortality seen in scrub typhus patients. Cardiovascular involvement can also occur in the form of arrhythmia, which leads to an increase in mortality in these patients, and if associated with ischemic heart disease and acute heart failure, it leads to higher mortality. The early use of antibiotics and telemetry monitoring along with aggressive management of patients can decrease the complications and mortality seen in these patients. This study describes a series of four scrub typhus patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation who were managed with either direct current (DC) cardioversion, amiodarone, or diltiazem.