Development of Highly Luminescent Water-Insoluble Carbon Dots by Using Calix[4]pyrrole as the Carbon Precursor and Their Potential Application in Organic Solar Cells
Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials that are of interest in different research areas due to their low cost production and low toxicity. Considering their unique photophysical properties, hydrophobic/amphiphilic CDs are powerful alternatives to metal-based quantum dots in LED...
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Veröffentlicht in: | ACS omega 2022-06, Vol.7 (22), p.18840-18851 |
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description | Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials that are of interest in different research areas due to their low cost production and low toxicity. Considering their unique photophysical properties, hydrophobic/amphiphilic CDs are powerful alternatives to metal-based quantum dots in LED and photovoltaic cell designs. On the other hand, CDs possess a considerably high amount of surface defects that give rise to two significant drawbacks: (1) causing decrease in quantum yield (QY), a crucial drawback that limits their utilization in LEDs, and (2) affecting the efficiency of charge transfer, a significant factor that limits the use of CDs in photovoltaic cells. In this study, we synthesized highly luminescent, water-insoluble, slightly amphiphilic CDs by using a macrocyclic compound, calix[4]pyrrole, for the first time in the literature. Calix[4]pyrrole-derived CDs (CP-DOTs) were highly luminescent with a QY of over 60% and size of around 4–10 nm with graphitic structure. The high quantum yield of CP-DOTs indicated that they had less amount of surface defects. Furthermore, CP-DOTs were used as an additive in the active layer of organic solar cells (OSC). The photovoltaic parameters of OSCs improved upon addition of CDs. Our results indicated that calix[4]pyrrole is an excellent carbon precursor to synthesize highly luminescent and water-insoluble carbon dots, and CDs derived from calix[4]pyrrole are excellent candidates to improve optoelectronic devices. |
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Considering their unique photophysical properties, hydrophobic/amphiphilic CDs are powerful alternatives to metal-based quantum dots in LED and photovoltaic cell designs. On the other hand, CDs possess a considerably high amount of surface defects that give rise to two significant drawbacks: (1) causing decrease in quantum yield (QY), a crucial drawback that limits their utilization in LEDs, and (2) affecting the efficiency of charge transfer, a significant factor that limits the use of CDs in photovoltaic cells. In this study, we synthesized highly luminescent, water-insoluble, slightly amphiphilic CDs by using a macrocyclic compound, calix[4]pyrrole, for the first time in the literature. Calix[4]pyrrole-derived CDs (CP-DOTs) were highly luminescent with a QY of over 60% and size of around 4–10 nm with graphitic structure. The high quantum yield of CP-DOTs indicated that they had less amount of surface defects. Furthermore, CP-DOTs were used as an additive in the active layer of organic solar cells (OSC). The photovoltaic parameters of OSCs improved upon addition of CDs. Our results indicated that calix[4]pyrrole is an excellent carbon precursor to synthesize highly luminescent and water-insoluble carbon dots, and CDs derived from calix[4]pyrrole are excellent candidates to improve optoelectronic devices.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2470-1343</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2470-1343</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01795</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35694496</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Chemical Society</publisher><ispartof>ACS omega, 2022-06, Vol.7 (22), p.18840-18851</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.</rights><rights>2022 The Authors. 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Considering their unique photophysical properties, hydrophobic/amphiphilic CDs are powerful alternatives to metal-based quantum dots in LED and photovoltaic cell designs. On the other hand, CDs possess a considerably high amount of surface defects that give rise to two significant drawbacks: (1) causing decrease in quantum yield (QY), a crucial drawback that limits their utilization in LEDs, and (2) affecting the efficiency of charge transfer, a significant factor that limits the use of CDs in photovoltaic cells. In this study, we synthesized highly luminescent, water-insoluble, slightly amphiphilic CDs by using a macrocyclic compound, calix[4]pyrrole, for the first time in the literature. Calix[4]pyrrole-derived CDs (CP-DOTs) were highly luminescent with a QY of over 60% and size of around 4–10 nm with graphitic structure. The high quantum yield of CP-DOTs indicated that they had less amount of surface defects. Furthermore, CP-DOTs were used as an additive in the active layer of organic solar cells (OSC). The photovoltaic parameters of OSCs improved upon addition of CDs. 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Furthermore, CP-DOTs were used as an additive in the active layer of organic solar cells (OSC). The photovoltaic parameters of OSCs improved upon addition of CDs. Our results indicated that calix[4]pyrrole is an excellent carbon precursor to synthesize highly luminescent and water-insoluble carbon dots, and CDs derived from calix[4]pyrrole are excellent candidates to improve optoelectronic devices.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>35694496</pmid><doi>10.1021/acsomega.2c01795</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1018-5523</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0612-3111</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8633-5845</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6377-5143</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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title | Development of Highly Luminescent Water-Insoluble Carbon Dots by Using Calix[4]pyrrole as the Carbon Precursor and Their Potential Application in Organic Solar Cells |
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