A nontoxic biocompatible nanocomposite comprising black phosphorus with Au–γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles

Black phosphorus (BP) has emerged as the latest 2D material within the post-graphene scenario, which can be used for various biomedical applications. In this study, we reported a promising nanocomposite material, which could be assembled with Au nanoparticles and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles on BP nanosheets (AIB), and studied its biocompatibility that promises to be useful for various biomedical applications. The synthesis of the Au–γ-Fe2O3 nanomaterial was attained through low-temperature solution synthesis and the exfoliation of BP nanosheets was performed through a liquid ultrasonication process. The individual components were then composited by ultrasonication and stirring. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic analyses confirmed the existence of Au and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) assembled over BP nanosheets. Moreover, the surface chemical composition and valence state of the elements present in the AIB nanocomposite were evaluated with the help of an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study. The AIB nanocomposite exhibited excellent biocompatibility with HCT-15 cells after evaluating through WST assay. Therefore, the excellent biocompatible nature of this BP nanocomposite could be beneficial for various potential biomedical applications.