Temperature independence of piezoelectric properties for high-performance BiFeO3–BaTiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics up to 300 °C

The temperature-dependence behaviors of ferroelectric, piezoelectric, kp and electrical-field-induced strain were carefully evaluated for high-performance BiFeO3–0.3BaTiO3 (BF–0.3BT) ceramics. There results indicate, combined with Rayleigh analysis and temperature-dependence XRD and PFM, that the increase of strain and large signal [Formula Omitted] with increasing the temperature from room temperature to 180 °C is related to the joint effect of intrinsic contribution (lattice expansion) and extrinsic contribution (domain switching). With further increasing the temperature to 300 °C, the large signal d33 and electrical-field-induced strain mildly decrease because of the increase of conductivity for BF–0.3BT ceramics. However, different from strain and large signal [Formula Omitted] the small signal d33(E0) and kp exhibit excellent temperature stability behavior as the temperature increases from room temperature to 300 °C.