Aspergillus flavus endogenous endophthalmitis in an immunocompetent man: treatment outcomes and swept-source optical coherence tomography findings

A non-diabetic man in his 40s presented with a 4-day history of sudden, painless, rapidly progressive severe vision loss in his right eye. Anterior segment was unremarkable. A dense, solitary vitreous abscess with feathery margins obscured the macula. Retinal haemorrhages, exudates and retinal vasculitis were noted. There was no history of ocular surgery, trauma, intravenous drug abuse or immunocompromise. He received intravenous fluids during a spinal procedure 5 days prior. Prompt diagnostic and therapeutic pars-plana vitrectomy was done and was cultured. Postoperatively, he was treated with oral Voriconazole and four intravitreal Voriconazole injections, till the chorioretinitis lesions had completely healed and was objectively confirmed on follow-up swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT). He achieved a best-corrected visual acuity of 6/36. A high index of suspicion, early vitrectomy and OCT-based treatment were key to favourable outcomes in this case. Intravenous fluid bottles must be checked for contamination prior to administration.