Serum Periostin Predicts Wheezing Exacerbation: A Prospective Study in Preschool Children with Recurrent Wheezing

Introduction: Wheezing is a common problem in preschool children. Currently, there are no reliable biomarkers that can predict subsequent wheezing in preschool children. This study aimed to compare serum periostin levels between preschool children with and without recurrent wheezing and investigate its utility for predicting acute wheezing exacerbation. Methods: Children aged 2–5 years with recurrent wheezing and healthy control children were enrolled. They were evaluated for serum periostin level at enrollment and subsequently followed for wheezing episodes in a 1-year prospective study. Results: A total of 122 children were enrolled. Children in the recurrent wheezing group (n = 80) had a greater median serum periostin level (1,122.32 pg/mL [