Design and Synchronization Procedures of a D&F Co-Operative 5G Network Based on SDR Hardware Interface: Performance Analysis

Software defined radio (SDR) is a commonly used platform for its ease of operation and cost-effectiveness for the development and testing of real wireless communication systems. By supporting high transmission rates and enabling fast and cost-effective deployments, mainly in millimeter-wave (mmWave), the co-operative 5G network has been standardized by 3GPP Release 16. In this paper, a decode-and-forward (D&F) co-operative hardware network is proposed as one of the key technologies for future 5G/6G wireless networks. The proposed system consists of an emulated base station processing unit (gnodeB), a D&F protocol and the user equipment (UE). In particular, the design of the D&F relay node is based on an MIMO layer 2 relay technology. A testbed based on an SDR platform and MatlabTM software, in which the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission, physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) for transport channel coding, according to the 3GPP standardized 5G downlink signal, has been designed. The key performance indicators (KPIs), namely EVM, BER, and throughput, were measured for 5G signals with 64-QAM and 256-QAM modulation schemes. The obtained results show that the D&F co-operative 5G network achieves substantially improved KPIs in the communication between the gnodeB and the UE in an outdoor-to-indoor scenario. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the D&F protocol presents a good performance and behavior being compared to one commercial equipment.