Strengthening Communities: A Qualitative Assessment of Opportunities for the Prevention of Adverse Childhood Experiences in the Wake of the Opioid Crisis

The opioid crisis is a significant challenge for health and human service systems that serve children, youth, and families across the United States. Between 2000 and 2017, the number of foster care entries, a type of adverse childhood experience (ACE), attributable to parental drug use increased by...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of child and family studies 2022, Vol.31 (4), p.1145-1157
Hauptverfasser: Matjasko, Jennifer L., Chovnick, Gary, Bradford, Joivita, Treves-Kagan, Sarah, Usher, Kristen, Vaughn, Elizabeth, Ingoldsby, Erin
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container_issue 4
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container_title Journal of child and family studies
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creator Matjasko, Jennifer L.
Chovnick, Gary
Bradford, Joivita
Treves-Kagan, Sarah
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Vaughn, Elizabeth
Ingoldsby, Erin
description The opioid crisis is a significant challenge for health and human service systems that serve children, youth, and families across the United States. Between 2000 and 2017, the number of foster care entries, a type of adverse childhood experience (ACE), attributable to parental drug use increased by 147%. Nevertheless, there is variation in the burden of opioid overdose and foster care rates across the U.S., suggesting community supports and systems to support families affected by substance use also vary. This qualitative study sampled communities experiencing high and low rates of overdose mortality and foster care entries (i.e., a qualitative comparison group) to better understand what might protect some counties from high overdose mortality and foster care entries. The sample included six counties from three states that were selected based on their rates of opioid overdose mortality and foster care entries. Using purposive sampling within counties, interview and discussion group participants included multi-sector community partners, parents whose children had been removed due to parental substance use, and caregivers caring for children who had been removed from their homes. Across all counties, prevention was not front-of-mind. Yet, participants from communities experiencing high rates of overdose mortality and foster care entries identified several factors that might help lessen exposure to substance use and ACEs including more community-based prevention services for children and youth. Both parents and caregivers across all communities also described the need for additional supports and services. Participants also described the impact of COVID-19 on services, including greater utilization of mental health and substance use treatment services and the challenges with engaging children and youth on virtual platforms. The implications for prevention are discussed, including the need to encourage primary prevention programs in communities. Highlights This study aimed to identify possible supports to prevent parental opioid misuse and adverse childhood experiences. Communities experiencing high and low rates of overdose mortality and foster care entries were sampled to understand multi-level risk and protective factors. Findings support the importance of prevention such as following opioid prescription guidelines and community youth programs. Parents discussed the importance of peer mentors and family-friendly substance use treatment as critical supports in
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Between 2000 and 2017, the number of foster care entries, a type of adverse childhood experience (ACE), attributable to parental drug use increased by 147%. Nevertheless, there is variation in the burden of opioid overdose and foster care rates across the U.S., suggesting community supports and systems to support families affected by substance use also vary. This qualitative study sampled communities experiencing high and low rates of overdose mortality and foster care entries (i.e., a qualitative comparison group) to better understand what might protect some counties from high overdose mortality and foster care entries. The sample included six counties from three states that were selected based on their rates of opioid overdose mortality and foster care entries. 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The implications for prevention are discussed, including the need to encourage primary prevention programs in communities. Highlights This study aimed to identify possible supports to prevent parental opioid misuse and adverse childhood experiences. Communities experiencing high and low rates of overdose mortality and foster care entries were sampled to understand multi-level risk and protective factors. Findings support the importance of prevention such as following opioid prescription guidelines and community youth programs. Parents discussed the importance of peer mentors and family-friendly substance use treatment as critical supports in their recovery. 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subjects Adverse childhood experiences
Attrition (Research Studies)
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Caregivers
Child and School Psychology
Childhood experiences
Childhood factors
Children
Children & youth
Community
Community Relations
Counties
COVID-19
Crises
Drug abuse
Drug overdose
Drug use
Families & family life
Foster care
Medical treatment
Mental health services
Mortality
Mortality rates
Narcotics
Opioids
Original Paper
Parents
Parents & parenting
Prevention
Prevention programs
Protective factors
Psychology
Qualitative research
Rehabilitation
Risk factors
Social programs
Social Sciences
Sociology
Substance abuse
Substance abuse treatment
Youth
title Strengthening Communities: A Qualitative Assessment of Opportunities for the Prevention of Adverse Childhood Experiences in the Wake of the Opioid Crisis
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