The SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic is associated with increased severity of presentation of childhood onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: A multi‐centre study of the first COVID‐19 wave

Objective Children are usually mildly affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2, COVID‐19). However, the pandemic has caused collateral damage to those with non‐COVID‐19 diseases. We aimed to determine the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the presentation of newly diagnosed childhood onset type 1 diabetes. Methods This was a cross‐sectional study conducted over a 1‐year period. We compared the severity of presentation of new‐onset type 1 diabetes in children under the age of 18 presenting to the multi‐centre North Central London diabetes network before (1 July 2019 to 22 March 2020) and during (23 March 2020 to 30 June 2020) the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. Results Over the 1‐year study period, a total of 30 children presented with new‐onset type 1 diabetes during the pre‐pandemic period and 17 presented during the first COVID‐19 wave. Children presented more frequently in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during the first COVID‐19 wave compared with pre‐pandemic (pre‐pandemic: mild 13%, moderate 6.7%, severe 10%; first COVID‐19 wave: mild 5.9%, moderate 24%, severe 47%; p = 0.002). During the first COVID‐19 wave, DKA presentations in children with a family history of type 1 diabetes were fewer compared to those without a family history (33.3% vs. 100.0%; p = 0.006). Children presenting in severe DKA pre‐pandemic were younger than those not in severe DKA (3.9 years vs. 12.2 years, p