Clinical Frailty Score vs Hospital Frailty Risk Score for predicting mortality and other adverse outcome in hospitalised patients with COVID‐19: Spanish case series

Objectives Frailty can be used as a predictor of adverse outcomes in people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The aim of the study was to analyse the prognostic value of two different frailty scores in patients hospitalised for COVID‐19. Material and Methods This retrospective cohort study included adult (≥18 years) inpatients with COVID‐19 and took place from 3 March to 2 May 2020. Patients were categorised by Clinical Frailty Score (CFS) and Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS). The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality, and secondary outcomes were tocilizumab treatment, length of hospital stay, admission in intensive care unit (ICU) and need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Results were analysed by multivariable logistic regression and expressed as odds ratios (ORs), adjusting for age, sex, kidney function and comorbidity. Results Of the 290 included patients, 54 were frail according to the CFS (≥5 points; prevalence 18.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.4‐23.7) vs 65 by HFRS (≥5 points; prevalence: 22.4%, 95% CI 17.8‐27.7). Prevalence of frailty increased with age according to both measures: 50‐64 years, CFS 1.9% vs HFRS 12.3%; 65‐79 years, CFS 31.5% vs HFRS 40.0%; and ≥80 years, CFS 66.7% vs HFRS 40.0% (P