Randomized Trial of a Vaccine Regimen to Prevent Chronic HCV Infection

In this trial, the safety and efficacy of a recombinant chimpanzee adenovirus 3 vector priming vaccination and a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara boost was assessed in adults who were at risk for HCV infection because of injection drug use. The vaccine did not cause serious adverse events and did elicit HCV-specific T-cell responses, but it did not prevent chronic HCV infection.