Effects of sleep restriction on the sleep electroencephalogram of adolescents
Abstract Study Objectives This report describes findings from an ongoing longitudinal study of the effects of varied sleep durations on wake and sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) and daytime function in adolescents. Here, we focus on the effects of age and time in bed (TIB) on total sleep time (TST)...
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creator | Campbell, Ian G Cruz-Basilio, Alejandro Darchia, Nato Zhang, Zoey Y Feinberg, Irwin |
description | Abstract
Study Objectives
This report describes findings from an ongoing longitudinal study of the effects of varied sleep durations on wake and sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) and daytime function in adolescents. Here, we focus on the effects of age and time in bed (TIB) on total sleep time (TST) and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) EEG.
Methods
We studied 77 participants (41 male) ranging in age from 9.9 to 16.2 years over the 3 years of this study. Each year, participants adhered to each of three different sleep schedules: four consecutive nights of 7, 8.5, or 10 h TIB.
Results
Altering TIB successfully modified TST, which averaged 406, 472 and 530 min on the fourth night of 7, 8.5, and 10 h TIB, respectively. As predicted by homeostatic models, shorter sleep durations produced higher delta power in both NREM and REM although these effects were small. Restricted sleep more substantially reduced alpha power in both NREM and REM sleep. In NREM but not REM sleep, sleep restriction strongly reduced both the all-night accumulation of sigma EEG activity (11–15 Hz energy) and the rate of sigma production (11–15 Hz power).
Conclusions
The EEG changes in response to TIB reduction are evidence of insufficient sleep recovery. The decrease in sigma activity presumably reflects depressed sleep spindle activity and suggests a manner by which sleep restriction reduces waking cognitive function in adolescents. Our results thus far demonstrate that relatively modest TIB manipulations provide a useful tool for investigating adolescent sleep biology. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1093/sleep/zsaa280 |
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Study Objectives
This report describes findings from an ongoing longitudinal study of the effects of varied sleep durations on wake and sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) and daytime function in adolescents. Here, we focus on the effects of age and time in bed (TIB) on total sleep time (TST) and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) EEG.
Methods
We studied 77 participants (41 male) ranging in age from 9.9 to 16.2 years over the 3 years of this study. Each year, participants adhered to each of three different sleep schedules: four consecutive nights of 7, 8.5, or 10 h TIB.
Results
Altering TIB successfully modified TST, which averaged 406, 472 and 530 min on the fourth night of 7, 8.5, and 10 h TIB, respectively. As predicted by homeostatic models, shorter sleep durations produced higher delta power in both NREM and REM although these effects were small. Restricted sleep more substantially reduced alpha power in both NREM and REM sleep. In NREM but not REM sleep, sleep restriction strongly reduced both the all-night accumulation of sigma EEG activity (11–15 Hz energy) and the rate of sigma production (11–15 Hz power).
Conclusions
The EEG changes in response to TIB reduction are evidence of insufficient sleep recovery. The decrease in sigma activity presumably reflects depressed sleep spindle activity and suggests a manner by which sleep restriction reduces waking cognitive function in adolescents. Our results thus far demonstrate that relatively modest TIB manipulations provide a useful tool for investigating adolescent sleep biology.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0161-8105</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1550-9109</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa280</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33507305</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescence ; Adolescent ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Eye movements ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; REM sleep ; Sleep ; Sleep Across the Lifespan ; Sleep Deprivation ; Sleep Stages ; Teenagers ; Youth</subject><ispartof>Sleep (New York, N.Y.), 2021-06, Vol.44 (6), p.1</ispartof><rights>Sleep Research Society 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Sleep Research Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com. 2021</rights><rights>Sleep Research Society 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Sleep Research Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Oxford University Press</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-f844b4f13451dbdf588cbf8ce9a63143eb26bdb77ce47e70f4e62a9e9ad8a2c63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-f844b4f13451dbdf588cbf8ce9a63143eb26bdb77ce47e70f4e62a9e9ad8a2c63</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7966-7769 ; 0000-0003-4284-1185</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1578,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33507305$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Campbell, Ian G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cruz-Basilio, Alejandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Darchia, Nato</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zoey Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feinberg, Irwin</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of sleep restriction on the sleep electroencephalogram of adolescents</title><title>Sleep (New York, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Sleep</addtitle><description>Abstract
Study Objectives
This report describes findings from an ongoing longitudinal study of the effects of varied sleep durations on wake and sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) and daytime function in adolescents. Here, we focus on the effects of age and time in bed (TIB) on total sleep time (TST) and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) EEG.
Methods
We studied 77 participants (41 male) ranging in age from 9.9 to 16.2 years over the 3 years of this study. Each year, participants adhered to each of three different sleep schedules: four consecutive nights of 7, 8.5, or 10 h TIB.
Results
Altering TIB successfully modified TST, which averaged 406, 472 and 530 min on the fourth night of 7, 8.5, and 10 h TIB, respectively. As predicted by homeostatic models, shorter sleep durations produced higher delta power in both NREM and REM although these effects were small. Restricted sleep more substantially reduced alpha power in both NREM and REM sleep. In NREM but not REM sleep, sleep restriction strongly reduced both the all-night accumulation of sigma EEG activity (11–15 Hz energy) and the rate of sigma production (11–15 Hz power).
Conclusions
The EEG changes in response to TIB reduction are evidence of insufficient sleep recovery. The decrease in sigma activity presumably reflects depressed sleep spindle activity and suggests a manner by which sleep restriction reduces waking cognitive function in adolescents. Our results thus far demonstrate that relatively modest TIB manipulations provide a useful tool for investigating adolescent sleep biology.</description><subject>Adolescence</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Electroencephalography</subject><subject>Eye movements</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>REM sleep</subject><subject>Sleep</subject><subject>Sleep Across the Lifespan</subject><subject>Sleep Deprivation</subject><subject>Sleep Stages</subject><subject>Teenagers</subject><subject>Youth</subject><issn>0161-8105</issn><issn>1550-9109</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1rFTEUxYNY7LO6dCsP3LiZNt_JbIRS6gdUuqnrkMncvJeSmYzJjKB_vXmvr60VQRIIyfndczm5CL0h-JTglp2VCDCd_SrWUo2foRURAjdtlZ6jFSaSNJpgcYxelnKL65237AU6ZkxgxbBYoa-X3oObyzr59d5qnaHMObg5pHFd97yFgwCxgjnB6GDa2pg22Q67MtunCMXBOJdX6MjbWOD14TxB3z5e3lx8bq6uP325OL9qnCBibrzmvOOeMC5I3_VeaO06rx20VjLCGXRUdn2nlAOuQGHPQVLbVrnXljrJTtCHO99p6Qbod72zjWbKYbD5p0k2mKfKGLZmk34YzTiTGFeD9weDnL4vNbEZQo0Qox0hLcVQrqmUgmpV0Xd_obdpyWONZ6hQmjLVtvKR2tgIJow-1b5uZ2rOVf14rcWeOv0HVVcPQ3BpBB_q-5OC5q7A5VRKBv-QkWCzm7_Zz8Yc5l_5t39-zAN9P_DH4GmZ_uP1G01cvDA</recordid><startdate>20210601</startdate><enddate>20210601</enddate><creator>Campbell, Ian G</creator><creator>Cruz-Basilio, Alejandro</creator><creator>Darchia, Nato</creator><creator>Zhang, Zoey Y</creator><creator>Feinberg, Irwin</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7966-7769</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-1185</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210601</creationdate><title>Effects of sleep restriction on the sleep electroencephalogram of adolescents</title><author>Campbell, Ian G ; Cruz-Basilio, Alejandro ; Darchia, Nato ; Zhang, Zoey Y ; Feinberg, Irwin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c515t-f844b4f13451dbdf588cbf8ce9a63143eb26bdb77ce47e70f4e62a9e9ad8a2c63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adolescence</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Electroencephalography</topic><topic>Eye movements</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>REM sleep</topic><topic>Sleep</topic><topic>Sleep Across the Lifespan</topic><topic>Sleep Deprivation</topic><topic>Sleep Stages</topic><topic>Teenagers</topic><topic>Youth</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Campbell, Ian G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cruz-Basilio, Alejandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Darchia, Nato</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zoey Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feinberg, Irwin</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Sleep (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Campbell, Ian G</au><au>Cruz-Basilio, Alejandro</au><au>Darchia, Nato</au><au>Zhang, Zoey Y</au><au>Feinberg, Irwin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of sleep restriction on the sleep electroencephalogram of adolescents</atitle><jtitle>Sleep (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Sleep</addtitle><date>2021-06-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>44</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1</spage><pages>1-</pages><issn>0161-8105</issn><eissn>1550-9109</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Study Objectives
This report describes findings from an ongoing longitudinal study of the effects of varied sleep durations on wake and sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) and daytime function in adolescents. Here, we focus on the effects of age and time in bed (TIB) on total sleep time (TST) and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) EEG.
Methods
We studied 77 participants (41 male) ranging in age from 9.9 to 16.2 years over the 3 years of this study. Each year, participants adhered to each of three different sleep schedules: four consecutive nights of 7, 8.5, or 10 h TIB.
Results
Altering TIB successfully modified TST, which averaged 406, 472 and 530 min on the fourth night of 7, 8.5, and 10 h TIB, respectively. As predicted by homeostatic models, shorter sleep durations produced higher delta power in both NREM and REM although these effects were small. Restricted sleep more substantially reduced alpha power in both NREM and REM sleep. In NREM but not REM sleep, sleep restriction strongly reduced both the all-night accumulation of sigma EEG activity (11–15 Hz energy) and the rate of sigma production (11–15 Hz power).
Conclusions
The EEG changes in response to TIB reduction are evidence of insufficient sleep recovery. The decrease in sigma activity presumably reflects depressed sleep spindle activity and suggests a manner by which sleep restriction reduces waking cognitive function in adolescents. Our results thus far demonstrate that relatively modest TIB manipulations provide a useful tool for investigating adolescent sleep biology.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>33507305</pmid><doi>10.1093/sleep/zsaa280</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7966-7769</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-1185</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
subjects | Adolescence Adolescent Child Electroencephalography Eye movements Humans Longitudinal Studies Male REM sleep Sleep Sleep Across the Lifespan Sleep Deprivation Sleep Stages Teenagers Youth |
title | Effects of sleep restriction on the sleep electroencephalogram of adolescents |
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