What are the obligations of pharmaceutical companies in a global health emergency?

[...]any satisfactory approach should include mechanisms for assurance that all parties are honouring their obligations. Additionally, market-based arrangements, with patents, marketing exclusivity, and confidentiality clauses, give pharmaceutical companies the freedom to choose what treatments to research and develop, how to price and distribute their products, and whom to furnish with products through bilateral agreements.9 Indeed, companies need not produce vaccines or infectious disease therapies at all. Unlike vaccines themselves, vaccine-related knowledge is non-rivalrous. [...]vaccine manufacturers have a duty to share knowledge with potential vaccine producers. Transferring technology and scaling up production will take months, maybe years. [...]scarcity abates, pharmaceutical companies are obligated to ensure their vaccine production is both optimised and fairly distributed.