Applications of Organoids for Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine

Organoid technologies enable the creation of physiologic systems that model tissues of origin more accurately than classical culture approaches. Seminal characteristics, including three-dimensional structure and recapitulation of self-renewal, differentiation, and disease pathology, render organoids eminently suited as hybrids that combine the experimental tractability of traditional 2D cell lines with cellular attributes of model systems. Here, we describe recent advances in this rapidly evolving field and their applications in cancer biology, clinical translation and precision medicine.